Vibrato Simulation

As a sinusoid osc~ modulated the amplitude of a carrier in AM/RM, so can it modulate the frequency of a carrier to implement FM vibrato:

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The width of the vibrato (the deviation from the carrier frequency) determined by amplitude .

The rate of the vibrato, determined by .

To be perceived as vibrato, rate must be below the audible frequency range (LFO) and the width (amplitude) made small.

``Music 171: Frequency Modulation'' by Tamara Smyth, Department of Music, University of California, San Diego (UCSD).